In The News: Conversions to Judaism in Israel

Israel's Supreme Court recognized Reform and Conservative conversions carried out in Israel. Hence, such converts will be considered Jews for citizenship purposes, under Israel’s Law of Return. Journalist Ben-Dror Yemini discusses the decision's background and implications. With Shahar Azani.

”Awesome Without Allah” – Seth Andrews

"I was able to generate my own sense of purpose instead of having my life spoon-fed to me." For Seth Andrews, between the safety of the “religious cocoon” and the “goodness, love and beauty” he discovered upon leaving it?

Third Covid Wave Sweeps across EU and Forces New Restrictions

THE OBSERVER: New variants blamed as Italy, France, Germany and Poland see infection rates surge

A third wave of the Covid pandemic is now advancing swiftly across much of Europe. As a result, many nations – bogged down by sluggish vaccination campaigns – are witnessing sharp rises in infection rates and numbers of cases.

The infection rate in the EU is now at its highest level since the beginning of February, with the spread of new variants of the Covid-19 virus being blamed for much of the recent increase.

Several countries are now set to impose strict new lockdown measures in the next few days – in contrast to the UK, which is beginning to emerge slowly from its current bout of shop and school closures and sports bans.

In Italy, authorities recorded more than 27,000 new cases and 380 deaths on Friday. “More than a year after the start of the health emergency, we are unfortunately facing a new wave of infections,” said prime minister Mario Draghi. “The memory of what happened last spring is vivid, and we will do everything to prevent it from happening again.”

From Monday most of Italy will be placed under lockdown and people will only be allowed to leave their homes for essential errands. Most shops will be closed, along with bars and restaurants. » | Sunday, March 14, 2021

Cross-dressing among Nazi-era German Wehrmacht Soldiers | DW Feature

Homosexuality was a crime in Nazi Germany. Still, artist Martin Dammann found so many Nazi-era photos of Wehrmacht soldiers in drag that he published an entire book of them. What do the photos tell us about sexuality in the Wehrmacht? Why was cross-dressing so prevalent among Nazi-era soldiers?

Live on Live - Saudi Author in Exile, Rana Ahmad

RFI's Sarah Elzas talks to activist and author Rana Ahmad about her childhood in Saudi Arabia, why she fled - and what life's like as an athiest in Germany. Ahmad's first book, "Women Aren’t Allowed to Dream Here" has been published in both German and French.

Harry et Meghan ébranlent Buckingham

LE MONDE – ÉDITORIAL: Bien au-delà du psychodrame familial, le couple princier lance un redoutable défi institutionnel à la monarchie britannique, en envoyant une flèche empoisonnée aux deux successeurs potentiels de la reine Elizabeth.

Editorial du « Monde ». Difficile pour les citoyens d’une République de saisir la véritable nature de la monarchie britannique. Une survivance anachronique ? Une extravagance inutile et coûteuse ? Un « business » familial ? Un symbole d’unité nationale et un lien avec l’histoire longue chers aux Britanniques ? Un peu de tout cela en réalité.

Si l’interview explosive donnée par le prince Harry et son épouse Meghan Markle a suscité des audiences record, si elle alimente les conversations, c’est non seulement par l’intérêt très humain que suscite un tel déballage de (beau) linge sale familial, par le dérivatif qu’il constitue en pleine crise sanitaire et sociale, mais aussi parce que la monarchie britannique, instrument central du soft powerbritannique, s’en trouve affaiblie. » | Le Monde | jeudi 11 mars 2021

Amazon to Stop Selling Books That Frame LGBTQ+ Identities as Mental Illness

THE GUARDIAN: Retail giant announces decision in letter to Republican US senators about removal of book by conservative academic

Amazon will no longer sell books that frame gay, lesbian, transgender and other sexual identities as a mental illness.

The company made the announcement public in a letter sent to Republican senators who had asked why Amazon had stopped selling When Harry Became Sally: Responding to the Transgender Moment, a book by the conservative academic Ryan Anderson, best known for his opposition to same-sex marriage.

In the letter, first obtained by the Wall Street Journal, Amazon writes: “As a bookseller, we provide our customers with access to a variety of viewpoints, including books that some customers may find objectionable.

“That said, we reserve the right not to sell certain content. All retailers make decisions about what selection they choose to offer, as do we. As to your specific question about When Harry Became Sally, we have chosen not to sell books that frame LGBTQ+ identity as a mental illness.”

The letter came in response to criticism from the rightwing senators Marco Rubio, Mike Lee, Mike Braun and Josh Hawley who wrote to the Amazon founder, Jeff Bezos, criticizing the book’s removal and calling it a signal “to conservative Americans that their views are not welcome on its platforms”. » | Dominic Rushe | Friday, March 12, 2021

What Did the Pope Know about the Holocaust? | DW Documentary

The Vatican opened once-secret records on Pope Pius XII on March 2020. This gave researchers a brand new insight into the Catholic Church during the Nazi era. What did the Pope know about the Holocaust?

Pius XII, born Eugenio Pacelli, is one of the most controversial figures in recent church history. New archive material sheds light on his career and politics. As ambassador of the Holy See in Germany and Cardinal Secretary of State of the Vatican, Pacelli witnessed Hitler’s rise to power. He was elected Pope in 1939, just months before the start of World War II. But what role did he play during the Holocaust? Many accuse him of shirking his responsibilities; of complicit silence while minorities were murdered, especially the Jewish.

Just days after the archives opened, church historian Hubert Wolf discovered a document describing the liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto. Pope Pius XII read the paper on 27 September 1942, but its contents were never published. Nor were the notes in the margins by members of the Secretariat of State. But the Vatican claimed for decades that nothing was kept from the public.

Defenders of Pius XII say he acted in secret to save the lives of many Jews. Thousands were hidden in church institutions, and the Roman Curia helped them to escape abroad. But the credibility of the Roman Curia during the Holocaust is now at stake, with many still unanswered questions. Why did Pius XII not join the Allies’ protest in December 1942 against the extermination of the Jews?

Piers Morgan Speaks to Journalists about Meghan Row and Good Morning Britain (GMB) Exit

A day after leaving his job at Good Morning Britain, Piers Morgan said the Duchess of Sussex's interview with Oprah Winfrey was a 'diatribe of bilge' and that he doesn't 'believe almost anything that comes out of her mouth'. Morgan came under fire after making critical remarks about the Duchess of Sussex’s mental health, prompting an on-air row with a colleague and more than 40,000 complaints to Ofcom. During the interview, Meghan said her mental health had deteriorated while she was pregnant amid a barrage of negative and racist press coverage and alleged a lack of support from 'the firm' – the apparatus surrounding the royal household

Switzerland to Ban Wearing of Burqa and Niqab in Public Places

THE GUARDIAN: Muslim groups criticise move, which they say will further stigmatise and marginalise their community

Switzerland will follow France, Belgium and Austria after narrowly voting in a referendum to ban women from wearing the burqa or niqab in public spaces.

Just over 51% of Swiss voters cast their ballots in favour of the initiative to ban people from covering their face completely on the street, in shops and restaurants.

Full facial veils will still be allowed to be worn inside places of prayer and for “native customs”, such as carnival.

Face coverings worn for health and safety reasons are also exempt from the ban, meaning face masks worn because of the Covid-19 pandemic will not be affected by the new law. » | Philip Oltermann in Berlin | Sunday, March 7, 2021

Queen Hails Togetherness in Commonwealth Day Address

Queen Elizabeth II on Sunday praised the 'courage, commitment and selfless dedication to duty' of frontline healthcare and public service workers across the Commonwealth in their response to the pandemic. The broadcast replaces the annual service at Westminster Abbey, which was cancelled due to Covid restrictions, and comes hours before the airing of a two-hour special hosted by Oprah Winfrey in which the Duke and Duchess of Sussex are set to tell the story behind their tumultuous departure from royal duties. Harry and Meghan stir public debate ahead of Oprah interview

Global Homophobia – The Roots of Hatred | DW Documentary

This hard-hitting documentary reveals the abuse suffered by the gay community all over the world. France, despite having legalized gay marriage in 2013, has seen a rise in homophobic violence in recent years.

In Tunisia, gay people can be sentenced to three years in prison, simply for their sexual orientation. When arrested by the police, they are subject to an "anal examination," a humiliating procedure of no scientific value. Uganda is one of the 27 sub-Saharan countries in which homosexuality is suppressed, with active government encouragement of homophobia, and where homosexuality is punishable by life imprisonment.

In the United States, more progressive laws have not translated into progressive attitudes. In a desperate attempt to change their sexual orientation, around 700,000 Americans have visited therapists who claim to be able to "transform any homosexual into a heterosexual."

The Observer View on Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince

THE OBSERVER: How can the west continue to do business with the man who approved Jamal Khashoggi’s murder?

As details emerged of the gruesome 2018 murder in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul of the exiled dissident and journalist, Jamal Khashoggi, most observers became convinced it could not have happened without the approval of the all-powerful Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman. The US intelligence report, published last week, definitively supports that conclusion.

Joe Biden is to be commended for making the CIA’s findings public after they were blocked by Donald Trump. The US sanctions imposed on Saudi government employees involved in the killing, and new measures to curb foreign agents who harass dissidents abroad, are welcome. But Biden’s too-pragmatic decision not to penalise Salman himself, the plot’s ringleader, and, in effect, let him off the hook, is dismaying.

The reasoning behind this shabby act of realpolitik is obvious enough. Saudi Arabia is an important western ally. Its cooperation is needed if Iran’s destabilising regional activities and nuclear programme are to be curbed. Hopes that Riyadh will follow the UAE and Bahrain in normalising ties with Israel are a factor, too. Saudi Arabia remains a key energy producer. And the crown prince, 35, is likely to lead the country for decades to come. » | Observer editorial | Sunday, February 28, 2021

Justin Welby Condemns Nigerian Archbishop's Gay 'Virus' Comments

THE GUARDIAN: Archbishop of Canterbury says Henry Ndukuba’s comments that homosexuality should be ‘expunged’ are unacceptable

The archbishop of Canterbury has issued a rare public condemnation of a fellow Anglican primate who described homosexuality as a “deadly virus” which should be “radically expunged and excised”.

Justin Welby, who is the leader of the global Anglican church, said the comments made by Henry Ndukuba, the archbishop of Nigeria, were unacceptable and dehumanising.

His criticism was endorsed by senior Church of England colleagues, including Stephen Cottrell, the archbishop of York, and Sarah Mullally, the bishop of London.

In response to a statement on the pastoral care of gay people issued by the Anglican Church in North America (ACNA) in January, Ndukuba said: “The deadly ‘virus’ of homosexuality has infiltrated ACNA. This is likened to a yeast that should be urgently and radically expunged and excised lest it affects the whole dough.” » | Harriet Sherwood | Saturday, March 6, 2021

Buckingham Palace Opens Investigation into Duchess Meghan Bullying Allegations l Good Morning America (GMA)

Plus, ABC News royal contributor Robert Jobson discusses the timing of Buckingham Palace’s statement ahead of Harry and Meghan’s Oprah Winfrey interview.

Whitney Houston - Hold Me

Winston Churchill - Zurich Speech - "United States of Europe" - September 1946

Speech of Winston Churchill - United States of Europe Zurich, 19th September 1946

The words of a great man! “Let Europe arise!” Are you listening, Boris? – ©Mark

Eating Meat 'Raises Risk of Heart Disease, Diabetes and Pneumonia'

THE GUARDIAN: UK researchers find link between regular meat intake and nine non-cancerous illnesses

Eating meat regularly increases someone’s risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, pneumonia and other serious illnesses, research has found.

It is already known that intake of red and processed meat heightens the risk of being diagnosed with bowel cancer. But these findings are the first to assess whether meat consumption is linked to any of the 25 non-cancerous illnesses that most commonly lead to people being admitted to hospital in the UK.

The academics from Oxford University who have published the study found that consumption of red meat, processed meat and poultry meat such as chicken and turkey, either alone or together, at least three times a week was linked to a greater risk of nine different illnesses. » | Denis Campbell, Health policy editor | Tuesday, March 2, 2021

If you believe this, you’ll believe anything! How can the consumption of meat or poultry possibly lead to diabetes, still less pneumonia? In German, the original word for diabetes is Zuckerkrankheit, or sugar illness or disease. The original word for pneumonia in German is Lungenentzünding, or inflammation of the lungs. How can the consumption of meat and poultry possibly lead to these illnesses? This is total nonsense! It is a perfect example of fake news! – ©Mark

Supporters of Detained Saudi Princess Call for UK to Help Secure Release

THE GUARDIAN: Exclusive: letters to Dominic Raab and Lady Scotland say Princess Basmah requires urgent medical treatment

Supporters of a prominent Saudi Arabian princess detained with her daughter in Riyadh have appealed to the British government to help secure their release.

In two letters to both foreign secretary Dominic Raab and Commonwealth general secretary Patricia Scotland, the princess’s supporters urged them to intervene on behalf of Princess Basmah bint Saud bin Abdulaziz al-Saud and her daughter Souhoud Al Sharif, arrested in Jeddah two years ago.

They said that the princess suffers from a heart condition that requires urgent medical treatment. “We believe her life depends on her release,” said the family’s legal adviser Henri Estramant and Lucy Rae of the British human rights organisation Grant Liberty in the letter. » | Ruth Michaelson in Dubai | Monday, March 1, 2021

Saudi Crown Prince Approved Killing of Jamal Khashoggi, US Report Says

THE GUARDIAN: New sanctions expected as a declassified intelligence assessment says Mohammed bin Salman had hand in journalist’s death

The Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, approved the 2018 murder of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi, according to a declassified assessment of the killing released to the Congress by US intelligence agencies.

The four-page report confirmed the long-suspected view that the 35-year-old future king had a personal hand in the violent and premeditated murder of one of his most prominent critics, a columnist and former Saudi insider who was living in exile in the US and used his platform to decry the prince’s crackdown on dissent.

Friday’s release of the assessment was expected to be accompanied by further actions from the Biden administration, which are expected to be unveiled by the State Department. »| Stephanie Kirchgaessner in Washington | Friday, February 26, 2021

Nazi Princesses – The Fates of Top Nazis' Wives & Mistresses

What happened to the wives and girlfriends of Hitler's inner circle when the war ended? Find out about Emmy Goering, Gretl Braun, Gerda Bormann, Margarete Himmler and several others.

Dr. Mark Felton is a well-known British historian, the author of 22 non-fiction books, including bestsellers 'Zero Night' and 'Castle of the Eagles', both currently being developed into movies in Hollywood. In addition to writing, Mark also appears regularly in television documentaries around the world, including on The History Channel, Netflix, National Geographic, Quest, American Heroes Channel and RMC Decouverte. His books have formed the background to several TV and radio documentaries. More information about Mark can be found here

New Record as Estimated 18m Americans Identify as LGBTQ, Poll Finds

THE GUARDIAN: Gallup finds increase ington | reflection of ‘the way society is changing’

Polling released Wednesday confirmed that more Americans than ever before identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer. The number of Americans who self-identify this way increased by 60% between 2012 and 2020, according to Gallup.

Researchers say the findings are partly due to an emerging generation of young people who have chosen to live openly with an identity other than heterosexual.

“It reflects what we are seeing in society and the way society is changing,” Gallup senior editor Jeff Jones said, later telling NBC News that “younger people are growing up in an environment where being gay, lesbian or bisexual is not as taboo as it was in the past”. » | Kenya Evelyn in Washington | Wednesday, February 24, 2021

Boris Johnson 'a Liar' Who Will Blame Brexit Costs on Covid, Says Diplomat

THE GUARDIAN: Sylvie Bermann, former French ambassador, puts PM’s handling of pandemic alongside Donald Trump’s

Boris Johnson is “an unrepentant and inveterate liar” who feels he is not subject to the same rules as others, Sylvie Bermann, the former French ambassador to the UK during the Brexit vote, says in a new book.

She also claims some Brexiters are consumed with hatred for Germany and gripped by a myth that they liberated Europe on their own, describing Brexit as a triumph of emotion over reason, won by a campaign full of lies in which negative attitudes to migration were exploited by figures such as Johnson and Michael Gove.

Bermann, who served as the French ambassador to the UK from 2014 to 2017 and has been one of the most senior diplomats in the French diplomatic service, including as ambassador to China and to Russia, assesses the British handling of the Covid pandemic as among the worst in the world alongside that of Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil. She predicts Johnson will seek to use Covid to mask the true economic cost of Brexit on the UK economy.

Johnson, she says, comes from an Eton and Oxford University class that believes they are entitled to use language to provoke. Describing him as intelligent and charming, she says he uses “lies to embellish reality, as a game and as instrument of power. The ends justify the means. He has no rules.” » | Patrick Wintour, Diplomatic editor | Wednesday, February 24, 2021

Jamal Khashoggi: US Report Expected to Name Saudi Crown Prince as Complicit in Murder

THE GUARDIAN: President Biden to call King Salman as his administration prepare to release intelligence report in ‘long awaited step’

Joe Biden is expected to call Saudi Arabia’s King Salman on Wednesday, as his administration prepares to release an unclassified intelligence report that many experts expect will name the royal’s son and heir as complicit in the grisly murder of Jamal Khashoggi.

Biden’s plan to call to the 85-year-old ruler was reported on Tuesday night by Axios.

The decision comes as the White House is facing calls by human rights activists and Saudi dissidents to “strike a blow” against Saudi human rights violations with new sanctions that they say could help rein in Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s crackdown on dissidents and turn the page on the Trump administration’s “embrace of despots”. » | Stephanie Kirchgaessner | Wednesday, February 24, 2021

Peter Hayes – Why Did the Holocaust Happen?

Peter Hayes, Professor Emeritus of Holocaust Studies at Northwestern University and author of Why? Explaining the Holocaust, discusses crucial questions in Holocaust Studies. From the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, at the JCC of Harrison, NY.

Brexit Is a Machine to Generate Perpetual Grievance. It's Doing Its Job Perfectly

THE GUARDIAN: The story of plucky Britain standing up to bullying Brussels spares leavers the discomfort of admitting they voted for a con

Brexit has changed everything about Britain’s relationship with the European Union, and also nothing. For anyone trying to do business across borders newly gummed with bureaucracy, the comparison is stark and painful. But in politics, an old pattern is playing out – a cycle of suspicion and self-sabotage that began long before the 2016 referendum.

It starts with the belief that Britain does not depend on its neighbours for trade or anything else. That leads to neglect of the diplomacy required to make the partnership work. Going against the grain of economics and geography escalates every negotiation into a test of national self-esteem. Each adjustment for reality is resented as a surrender of sovereignty.

Euroscepticism is a machine for generating perpetual grievance. It works by making Brussels the enemy, spoiling relations and serving up the soured mood to a domestic audience as proof that the other side does not want to be friends. » | Rafael Behr | Tuesday, February 23, 2021

Brexit Britain is a country going to the dogs being run by the dogs! – ©Mark Alexander

Elon Musk No Longer World’s Richest Person as Tesla Shares Fall

THE GUARDIAN: Electric carmaker’s CEO falls behind Amazon founder Jeff Bezos after tweet saying bitcoin price ‘seems high’

Elon Musk, the maverick boss of Tesla, is no longer the world’s richest person after shares in the electric car company dropped 8.6% on Monday, wiping $15.2bn (£10.8bn) off his fortune.

Musk, who last month leapfrogged Amazon founder Jeff Bezos to take the title of the world’s wealthiest person, dropped back into second place with a $183bn estimated fortune behind Bezos’ $186.3bn.

The 8.5% drop in Tesla’s share price on Monday – the sharpest one-day fall since September – was partly fuelled by Musk tweeting that the prices of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies “do seem high”. Tesla’s shares were down a further 6% in pre-market trading on Tuesday. » | Rupert Neate, Wealth correspondent | Tuesday, February 23, 2021

Dr. Peter Hayes: "German Corporate Complicity in the Holocaust"

Brought to you by the Ackerman Center for Holocaust Studies at the University of Texas at Dallas, the Burton C. Einspruch Holocaust Lecture Series speaker Dr. Peter Hayes and his lecture "German Corporate Complicity in the Holocaust" on Monday, October 29, 2018.

Inside Nazi Germany

Private amateur films capturing life under the Nazi regime from the inside include footage shot by Hitler's secret mistress of Nazi officials at leisure, Hitler greeting jubilant crowds in Vienna upon the German annexation of Austria in March 1938, and the violent backlash against Jews there, and the Nazi invasion of Poland.

Wie der harte Brexit die Reichen noch reicher machen soll | WDR Doku

Am 1. Januar 2021 ist Großbritannien den letzten, endgültigen Schritt seines Brexit-Prozesses gegangen und hat die Zollunion und den Binnenmarkt der EU verlassen. Auch wenn das komplette Chaos eines Austritts ohne Anschlussabkommen in letzter Minute verhindert wurde, so handelt es sich doch um einen harten Bruch zwischen Großbritannien und der EU. Einen Hard Brexit also – mit Auflagen für Handel und Dienstleistungen sowie Wirtschaftseinbußen in Milliardenhöhe, die Experten für beide Seiten vorhersagen. In wessen Interesse ist das? Die Dokumentation folgt der Frage, wer die Akteure sind, die den Hard Brexit um jeden Preis wollten, und zeigt, mit welchen Mitteln sie dieses Ziel verfolgt haben. Es ist eine investigative Reise, bei der diskrete Londoner Adressen, neoliberale Think Tanks und eine Partei, die eigentlich eine Firma ist, eine Rolle spielen.

Der britische Premier Boris Johnson bezeichnet das Referendum über den Brexit gerne als Sternstunde der direkten Demokratie, als Rebellion der „kleinen Leute“ gegen die gesichtslose EU-Bürokratie. Doch was, wenn es beim Brexit letztlich gar nicht um den „Willen des Volkes“ ging, sondern um die Interessen einer kleinen britischen Elite?

Dieser Film zeigt bislang unbekannte Hintergründe des Brexit- Prozesses. Er belegt, dass es innerhalb und außerhalb der Tory-Partei von Anfang an eine Kampagne für einen harten Brexit gab, die mit Geld aus den tiefen Taschen der britischen Finanzelite wurde. Hat diese kleine Gruppe gut vernetzter Geschäftsleute und Finanzinvestoren tatsächlich bestimmt, was „Brexit“ jetzt für Großbritannien und die EU bedeutet? Frances Coppola, eine Wirtschaftsexpertin, die den Brexit intensiv beobachtet hat, sagt, das Ziel der Verfechter eines vollständigen Austritts aus dem EU-Binnenmarkt und der Zollunion sei es von Anfang an gewesen, aus Großbritannien „eine Art Singapur des Westens“, eine komplett deregulierte Steueroase, zu machen. Das habe mit der tatsächlichen EU-Skepsis vieler Briten und den öffentlich propagierten Zielen des Brexit, „die Kontrolle über das eigene Land zurückzugewinnen“, nur wenig zu tun. Sonia Sodha, prominente Autorin des „Observer“, urteilt: „Es besteht eine massive Diskrepanz zwischen der politischen Elite, die für den Brexit ist, und den Menschen, die für den Brexit gestimmt haben.“

Die Story von Tom Costello schildert diese bislang verborgene Seite des Brexit mit den Einschätzungen von britischen und EU-Politikern, investigativen Journalisten und Ökonomen und wirft Licht auf ein Milieu aus geheimnisvollen Think-Tanks, scheinbaren Graswurzelbewegungen und geschickt agierenden Lobbyisten, die mit allen Mitteln versucht haben, ihre Vision für die Zukunft Großbritanniens durchzusetzen.

‘“I Regret Voting Brexit” – Fish Industry in Ruins

Ian Perks runs a huge fish export company in Devon. Recently, the massive piles of paperwork have left him in a really difficult situation.

The Truth about Boris Johnson

Populist Prime Minister Boris Johnson is more celebrity than politician. In this brief rundown of the Prime Minister's history, Byline Writer Otto English delves into what made the man born Alexander into Boris Johnson and calls into question whether the man the country affectionately calls 'Boris' is really quite such a loveable buffoon after all.

The Truth about Nigel Farage

Otto English breaks down the career history of Nigel Farage, from UKIP to The Brexit Party, from LBC to Reform.

How to Get a Good Night's Sleep | DW Documentary

Sleep disorders are one of the most common reasons for visiting a doctor in Europe. Instead of sleeping pills, alternative methods are increasingly gaining attention. This sleep documentary looks at new therapeutic approaches such as sophrology and light therapy.

We spend around a third of our lives asleep. But more and more people suffer from exhaustion, insomnia, sleep apnea or even narcolepsy. The result is millions of sick days, and economic losses in the billions. In extreme cases, sleep problems can affect the metabolism, leading to obesity, diabetes or Alzheimer's disease.

Sleep is absolutely essential - yet the average sleep per night is barely seven hours. That figure is lower than ever before. The topic has been the subject of intensive research for several years, with studies showing that humans have an internal clock based on what are known as circadian rhythms. This discovery was considered so important in preserving sleep that it was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2017.

Numerous new studies are exploring alternatives to sleeping pills, which can often lead to serious side effects. Such drugs make sleep more like narcosis, without providing us true rest. Thanks to advances in medicine, we now know the decisive role sleep plays: During this time, the brain clears itself, making room for new thoughts.

Researchers have also been able to confirm that there are alternatives when it comes to getting a good night’s sleep. Among those considered effective are polyphasic sleep (consisting of short naps), light therapy (using blue daylight to synchronize the body’s internal clock) and lightly electrified helmets that stimulate the brain's hormonal activity. These inexpensive techniques, which are free of side effects, are becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Large companies like Google, Facebook and other firms with a modern outlook are experimenting with light and using innovative office designs, including nap pods or bunks, which allow employees to take short daytime naps. These are just some of the approaches covered in this look at the "gentle sleep revolution."

Should the World Embrace Cryptocurrencies? | Inside Story

For the first time ever, America's oldest bank, BNY Mellon says it's planning to offer some cryptocurrency services.

That's good news for digital currencies like Bitocoin - which has been soaring to all time-highs.

While investing in it can be a rollercoaster ride that comes with many risks, that hasn't stopped the Chief Executive of Tesla, Elon Musk, from purchasing a $1.5 billion stake in it. Tesla is also now expected to accept the virtual money as a form of payment.

That and BNY Mellon's decision to allow cryptocurrencies in its services, has seen a boost for digital assets.

Professor Salim Al-Hassani: 1001 Inventions: Uncover 1000 Years of Science and Technology (2010)

Dr. Murad Wilfried Hofmann: Islam — A Rational Faith

Charles Le Gai Eaton: Life and Works (2010)

Lina al-Hathloul: 'Most Saudis Know MbS Not a Reformer'

Lina al-Hathloul, sister of Saudi women's rights activist, Loujain al-Hathloul, talks to Christiane Amanpour about her sister's release from prison and says in Saudi Arabia, "activism is considered terrorism"

Welt Hintergrund: Es wird kälter - Warum die Erwärmung der Arktis bei uns einen Kälteschock auslöst

In den USA zieht die Kälte bis nach Texas stürzt den Bundesstaat ins Chaos. In Deutschland haben wir gerade die knallharte Frostperiode überstanden, da kündigt sich schon die nächste, wenn auch nicht ganz so dramatische Kälte welle an. Alexander Hildebrand erklärt uns warum diese Wetterlagen im direkten Zusammenhang mit der Erwärmung der Arktis liegen.

Moment of Truth for Trans-Atlantic Relations? | DW News

The leaders of Germany and France will discuss the future of transatlantic relations with US President Joe Biden during a virtual mini-edition of the Munich Security Conference. DW's Richard Walker gives his take on some potentially thorny issues.

Indonesia: Diversity under Threat | DW Documentary

Indonesia is considered a model state for diversity and tolerance, but there are increasing indications that Islamists are gaining more influence in the most populous Muslim country in the world.

Far more Muslims live in Indonesia than in the Middle East. The archipelago is made up of more than 17,000 islands and home to 270 million people.

Following the end of the brutal Suharto dictatorship in 1998, Indonesia became a model for a democratic Muslim majority state. But in recent years, Islamist groups have gained influence.

The report begins in Aceh. It is only here, in the northernmost province of the island of Sumatra, that a rigid interpretation of Islamic Sharia law applies - including public floggings. The reasons for the humiliating punishments are manifold: sex before or outside marriage, alcohol consumption or homosexuality.

A growing tendency towards a more conservative interpretation of Islam is also noticeable in other parts of secular Indonesia. More women are wearing headscarves in public places. The niqab, the face veil, is becoming increasingly popular. Members of minority groups feel marginalized.

"Unfortunately, Indonesia is not immune to the worldwide increase in intolerance”, says politician Yenny Wahid.

The daughter of the first elected president after the Suharto dictatorship stands for cosmopolitanism and represents a liberal view of Islam. She, too, has observed a slow Islamization of her homeland and the tendency of politicians to make concessions to radical and populist groups.

Student activists blame the corruption of the ruling class for growing radicalism and undermining diversity.

The documentary "Indonesia - Diversity Under Threat" asks whether the country can preserve its religious tolerance.

Biden Seeks to Sideline Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman

THE GUARDIAN: The new US administration has signalled it expects the desert kingdom to ‘change its approach’ in a break with Trump policy

The Biden administration has said it expects Saudi Arabia to “change its approach” to the US and signalled that it wants to minimise any direct contact between the president and the country’s de facto ruler, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

The stance marks an abrupt change compared with the Trump administration, which showered the young heir with attention and praise. It comes as intelligence officials are preparing to release – possibly as early as next week – a declassified report to Congress that will describe its assessment of the crown prince’s alleged culpability in the murder of Jamal Khashoggi, the US-based Washington Post journalist who was killed by Saudi officials in 2018.

The White House press secretary, Jen Psaki, this week said Joe Biden intended to “recalibrate” the US relationship with Saudi Arabia, and considered King Salman – not Prince Mohammed – to be his counterpart. While the designation might technically be true, the 35-year-old prince is widely seen as running Saudi Arabia and has direct relations with other foreign leaders. » | Stephanie Kirchgaessner in Washington | Wednesday, February 17, 2021

Islamic 12th-Century Bathhouse Uncovered in Seville Tapas Bar

THE GUARDIAN: Dazzling geometric motifs dating from Almohad caliphate discovered during renovation of city’s bar

A magnificently decorated 12th-century Islamic bathhouse, replete with dazzling geometric motifs and skylights in the form of eight-pointed stars, has emerged, a little improbably, from the walls and vaulted ceilings of a popular tapas bar in the heart of the southern Spanish city of Seville.

Last summer, the owners of the Cervercería Giralda – which has been pouring cañas and copas near Seville’s cathedral since 1923 – decided to take advantage of local roadworks and the coronavirus pandemic to set about a long-delayed renovation.

Although local legend and the odd historical document had suggested the site may once have been an ancient hammam, most people had assumed the Giralda’s retro look was down to the neomudéjar, or Islamic revival style, in which the architect Vicente Traver built the bar and hotel above it in the early 1920s. » | Sam Jones in Madrid | Thursday, February 18, 2021

Biden's America against Xi's China: Struggle for Supremacy? | To the Point

Who can stop China's surge to global dominance? It's one huge question, and one huge challenge, that the new US president, Joe Biden, is already facing. Biden has inherited a divided and doubt-ridden America from his predecessor Donald Trump. Meanwhile, Xi Jinping 's China is both expansive and authoritarian. It's two rival systems apparently on collision course. So, on "To the Point" we ask: Biden's America against Xi's China: Struggle for supremacy?

Al-Andalus sous la domination des musulmans espagnols (711 – 1492)

ANDALOUSIE: La conquête d’ Al-Andalus par les musulmans, puisque c’est ainsi qu’il nommèrent l’Espagne, se caractérisa par sa rapidité et sa facilité. Au début du 8ème siècle, le royaume wisigoth qui dominait l’Espagne était très affaibli par la corruption et la lutte de ses gouvernants, ce qui supposa que l’occupation des territoires par les musulmansayant traversé le détroit, fut très rapide.

Les communautés chrétiennes et juives furent tolérées en échange de tributs, raison pour laquelle la population d’Al-Andalus fut un tel mélange de races et de croyances.

A priori, il semble difficile de comprendre comment les peuples musulmans, qui tiennent la « guerre sainte » comme un de leurs percepts fondamentaux, permirent à d’autres religions de coexister dans les terres qu’ils occupaient. L’explication en est que les religions juives et chrétiennes sont toutes deux monothéistes, apparentées à l’Islam par le biais d’Abraham (père des trois religions). De plus, pour les musulmans, juifs et chrétiens étaient des « frères » qui se trompaient simplement et qui ne voulaient pas accepter le message d’Allah. Les musulmans appelaient les chrétiens et les juifs Ahl-al-kitab, les « gents du livre » (la Bible), duquel ils assumaient même une partie des traditions et des révélations antérieures. Pour ces raisons, ils leur octroyèrent un statut spécial.

Ce qui caractéristique le séjour des musulmans en Al-Andalus fut la fragmentation et la fragilité de ses territoires, qui firent qu’ Al-Andalus ne connut jamais de domination pacifique. Ce furent des temps de guerres continuelles, tantôt avec les chrétiens, qui petit à petit formaient un siège par le nord ; tantôt avec les musulmans eux-mêmes ; ou encore avec des tribus du nord de l’Afrique, qui tentaient également sans cesse des invasions par le sud. En conséquence, pour pouvoir maintenir la paix sur les territoires, les dominateurs devaient maintenir la paix en ayant recours à des politiques de pactes et d’alliances. Ainsi la domination musulmane en Al-Andalus et Grenade passa par diverses périodes bien distinctes. » | Pas d'attribution d'écriture | Sans date

Leaving the Ultra-Orthodox — Jews Seeking a New Life in Germany | DW Documentary

Increasing numbers of Jews have been leaving ultra-orthodox communities in recent years. Surprisingly, Germany has become a popular refuge for them. Rabbi Akiva Weingarten has been helping them.

More than 1.3 million Jews live in ultra-orthodox communities worldwide. It’s a kind of parallel universe — in which only God’s laws count. Every aspect of everyday life is clearly regulated: The women are responsible for the home and for looking after the children while the men devote their lives to religious study. But some ten percent of ultra-orthodox Jews in Israel go on to quit their communities - and that figure is growing. The majority are young adults and, surprisingly, many come to Germany. Akiva Weingarten was one of them. He grew up in an ultra-orthodox Satmar community in New York State but made a radical break in 2014. He left his wife and children and started a new life in Berlin - without a credit card, a bank account or a job, or any relatives to fall back on. He is now surrounded by a free community of former ultra-orthodox Jews - who turn to the rabbi for practical and religious advice. Moshe Barnett and David Lamberger have only been flat mates in Dresden for a few months now. They are not just seeking a new life, but a new relationship with God.