When Flávio Bolsonaro was considering a run for president of Brazil, he flew to one of Latin America’s tiniest nations, looking for ideas. President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador had turned what was once the world’s deadliest country into one of its safest, largely by rounding up tens of thousands of young men and sentencing them to prison in mass trials.
Mr. Bolsonaro, the son of Brazil’s right-wing former president Jair Bolsonaro, was inspired. He announced his campaign a few weeks later, in December, and adopted a platform that called for five new maximum-security prisons, eight-year prison sentences for cellphone thieves and chemical castration for rapists and pedophiles. At a recent rally, he told voters: “I’m starting to think El Salvador isn’t enough.”
He then won the first round of Brazil’s election, and in Sunday’s runoff, he is the favorite to win the presidency. That would make Mr. Bolsonaro the eighth consecutive right-wing president elected in Latin America over the past 18 months, all of whom have praised or adopted Mr. Bukele’s hard-line tactics.
Many of these new leaders are building megaprisons and undermining civil liberties to incarcerate more people, while turning to social media to promote their work and demonize the young men they target.
Mr. Bukele’s influence is clear. The presidents of Colombia, Ecuador and Costa Rica are carrying out crackdowns featured in slickly produced videos resembling his. In Lima, propaganda lines a highway promoting a politician who declares himself the “Peruvian Bukele.” Dozens of Latin American officials have toured Mr. Bukele’s 40,000-capacity prison to try to burnish their crime-fighting credentials. And eight countries have their own maximum-security prisons in the works.
All of this comes with the backing of the most powerful country in the hemisphere. President Trump is one of Mr. Bukele’s biggest fans and has lifted him up as a model for the region.
Call it the Bukeleization of Latin America. » | Jack Nicas | Jack Nicas is a lead correspondent in Latin America. He reported from across the region, including in Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. | Friday, October 23, 2026
